This efficiency challenge is caused by diffuser plates, sometimes called showerheads, used during semiconductor processing.
For two centuries, students have learned that heat flows and engines work according to rigid limits that no machine can beat.
When scientists repeatedly drove a strongly interacting quantum system with laser “kicks,” they expected it to heat up and ...
Researchers at TU Wien have discovered a quantum system where energy and mass move with perfect efficiency. In an ultracold ...
For the first time, researchers at MIT have visually captured a bizarre wave of pure heat moving through an exotic state of ...
One of the great successes of 20th-century physics was the quantum mechanical description of solids. This allowed scientists to understand for the first time how and why certain materials conduct ...