Comets reach us in other worlds promising other worldly chemistry then take billions of years to have the galaxy cross out ...

But if cosmic-ray immersion is sufficient—and common—then the conditions that helped shape Earth may arise around a large fraction of sun-like stars. Of course, our work does not claim that supernova ...

Cosmic rays, high‐energy particles from extraterrestrial sources, continuously bombard the Earth, providing a natural probe of astrophysical processes. When these particles interact with the ...

CERN's ALICE collaboration reveals how fragile deuterons survive high-energy collisions, impacting models of cosmic rays and ...

Cosmic rays, predominantly high-energy particles originating from outside the Solar System, interact with Earth’s atmosphere to produce a complex radiation environment. This continuous bombardment ...

Outside Earth's protection, space travellers will be routinely exposed. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. This article was ...

An illustration of a young solar system immersed in high-energy cosmic rays from a nearby supernova. Unlike considering only direct injection of supernova ejecta, this process naturally explains key ...