Mammalian cells are surrounded by diverse nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, various macromolecules and micronutrients, which they can import through transmembrane transporters and endolysosomal ...
Many tumour cells exhibit high rates of glutamine consumption to support macromolecular biosynthesis and cell proliferation 1. Glutamine fuels the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle through anaplerosis ...